Ladder.



A. DEVAN.

LADDER.

APPLIOA'I'ION FILED AUG. 4, 1910.

Eatented 0012113910.

UNITED STATES PATEN T ()FFIQE.

ANDREW DEVAN, OF SANDPOINT, IDAHO, A SSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF T0 THUMAS R. i

' LYNCH, 0F DRUMMOND, MONTANA.

LADDER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 11, 1910.

Application filed August 4, 1910. Serial No. 575,457.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANDREW DEVAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Sandpoint, in the county of Bonner and State of Idaho, have invented new and use ful Improvements in Ladders, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in ladders and more particularly to a ladder which is designed with particular reference to its permanent attachment to the wall of a building, 6. 9., a fire escape ladder or a ladder for use on freight cars.

The invention may be regarded as an im provement on the construction shown in my prior U. S. Patent, No. 867,020 of September 24;, 1907 and its object is to provide a simpler, less expensive, and stronger lad the rungs.

der of the type referred to.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is a perspective view of the improved ladder Fig. 2 is a view showing a front elevation of the ladder in its application to a freight car, and Fig. 3 is a view showing a side elevation of the ladder in its application to a freight car.

Similar characters of reference designate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

The improved ladder is of integral constrnction throughout and is made from a, bar of iron which is fashioned as shown.

The ladder comprises essentially, rungs, as 1, and side bars, as 2, extending between The side bars 2 are arranged hiternately at opposite sides of the ladder and each side bar is connected with the rungs adjacent thereto by otl'sets, as 3. The offsets 3 serve the two-fold purpose of cansing the rungs to stand outfrom the side bars and of strengthening the ladder. It will be apparent that, by virtue of the construction described, all the side bars 2 are arranged in a common vertical plane and all the rungs 1 are likewise arranged in a common vertical plane which is in advance of and parallel to, the plane of the side bars.

In the particular embodiment disclosed, and with regard to the use of the ladder upon a freight car, the uppermost rung 1 which is disposed above the roof of the car is not offset from the adjacent side bar 2. The ladder is moreover provided at its upper end with a supplemental rung 4, which At the lower end of the ladder a supplemental rung 8 is provided. This rung is disposed below the car and for this reason is not otfset from its connectingside bar 9. At the end of'the rung 8 opposite to the side bar 9- ..n upwardly projecting bar 10 is provided, the 'end portion of which bent as at 11 to bear against the adjacent offset 3.

The ladder is attached to the adjacent wall, for example, by eye or hook bolts 12.

In the example shown these bolts are associated with the bars 9 and 10, and with the bar 5 and eye 7.

The form of the ladder possesses theadvantages 'of simplicity, inexpensiveness and strength. Aside from these considerations. the rungs are so a ranged as to afford a ready and secure foothold and the side bars 2 bear against the adjacent wall and thus provide for rigidity.

Having fully described my invention, I claim:

1. A ladder of the type set forth comprising transverse rungs and connecting side bars formed integral from a bar of iron, the side bars being arranged in alternation at opposite sides of the ladder and being connected to the rungs adjacent thereto by offsets, whereby the rungs are disposed in a plane in advance of the plane of the side bars.

2. A ladder of the type set forth comprising transverse rungs and connecting side bars, the side bars being arranged in alternation at opposite sides of the ladder and heing associated with the rungs in such manner that the latter are disposed in apl ane in advance of the plane of the side bars."

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses. I

ANDREW DEVAN. Witnesses:

JAM S BROWN, ALLEN P. AsHER. 

